Larazotide acetate
Human RCTAT-1001 · zonulin antagonist peptide
An octapeptide tight-junction regulator tested as an add-on for people with coeliac disease who still have symptoms on a gluten-free diet. A Phase 2b trial was positive; the confirmatory Phase 3 was stopped early.
GGVLVQPG
Not approved. Phase 3 coeliac trial (NCT03569007) was terminated by the sponsor in 2022.
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Teduglutide
Approved drugALX-0600 · Gattex · Revestive
A DPP-4-resistant GLP-2 analogue that grows intestinal mucosa and improves nutrient absorption, licensed to reduce dependence on intravenous feeding in short bowel syndrome. Long-term monitoring covers polyp and neoplasia risk.
HGDGSFSDEMNTILDNLAARDFINWLIQTKITD
FDA-approved 2012 (Gattex) and EMA-approved 2012 (Revestive) for short bowel syndrome.
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Secretin
Approved drugHuman secretin · ChiRhoStim
The molecule that created the concept of a hormone. Today it is used diagnostically to test pancreatic function; its widely publicised use in autism was shown not to work.
HSDGTFTSELSRLRDSARLQRLLQGLV-NH2
FDA-approved as a diagnostic agent for pancreatic function testing and gastrinoma. Autism trials in the 1990s and 2000s were negative.
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Glucagon-like peptide-2
Animal / in-vitro onlyGLP-2 (endogenous)
The gut hormone that expands intestinal absorptive surface after meals. It underpins short-bowel therapy, where the DPP-4-resistant analogue teduglutide is used instead of the native peptide.
HADGSFSDEMNTILDNLAARDFINWLIQTKITD
The endogenous hormone is not a marketed drug; its stabilised analogue teduglutide is approved.
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